Linus Pauling
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Linus Pauling was an American chemist, biochemist, and peace activist who is one of the most influential scientists of the 20th century. He made significant contributions to various fields including quantum chemistry and molecular biology, and is best known for his work on the nature of the chemical bond and the concept of hybridization. Pauling's groundbreaking research earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962, making him the only person to receive two unshared Nobel Prizes.
Beyond his scientific achievements, Pauling was a vocal advocate for nuclear disarmament and a prominent figure in the peace movement. He utilized his platform to speak out against the dangers of nuclear weapons and the arms race during the Cold War, which led to his temporary estrangement from the scientific community. His legacy continues to inspire scientists and activists alike, as he championed the idea that science should be used for the betterment of humanity rather than for destruction.