Alexander Herzen

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Alexander Herzen was a prominent Russian writer and thinker, often referred to as the "father of Russian socialism." Born in Moscow in 1812, he became an influential figure in the intellectual landscape of 19th-century Russia. Herzen's early life was marked by his exposure to various political ideas and revolutionary movements, which shaped his views on society and governance. He was a fierce advocate for social reform and was deeply critical of the autocratic regime of the Tsars.

Herzen's most notable works include "Who Is to Blame?" and "Ends and Beginnings," which reflected his beliefs in individual freedom and social justice. He was also a key figure in the development of the Russian intelligentsia and contributed significantly to the discourse on revolution and reform in Russia. After leaving Russia due to political persecution, he lived in exile in Europe, where he continued to write and engage with other revolutionary thinkers. His legacy endures as one of the most important voices in Russian literature and political thought.