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Amartya Sen is a prominent Indian economist and philosopher, best known for his work on welfare economics, social choice theory, and poverty alleviation. Born in 1933 in Santiniketan, West Bengal, he has made significant contributions to various fields, including development economics and the study of famine. Sen's research has focused on the importance of individual freedoms and capabilities in enhancing human well-being, which has greatly influenced development policies worldwide.

Throughout his career, Sen has held various prestigious positions, including the Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, and has been a recipient of numerous awards, including the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1998. His influential works, such as "Development as Freedom" and "The Idea of Justice," challenge traditional economic paradigms and advocate for a more equitable approach to social welfare. In addition to his academic pursuits, Sen has been actively involved in public policy debates, making him a key figure in discussions about global poverty and inequality.