Charles I of England

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Charles I of England was a monarch who ruled from 1625 until his execution in 1649. His reign was marked by conflict with Parliament, leading to the English Civil War. Charles believed in the divine right of kings and sought to govern without Parliament, which aggravated tensions between him and his subjects. His attempts to enforce religious uniformity in Scotland and his perceived overreach of power led to significant opposition.

The Civil War ultimately resulted in his capture and trial for treason. Despite his defense, Charles was found guilty and executed, marking a significant turning point in British history. His death led to the temporary abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of the Commonwealth under Oliver Cromwell. Charles's legacy is complex, as he is viewed by some as a martyr for the royalist cause, while others see him as a tyrant whose actions precipitated a revolution.