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Maxim Gorky was a prominent Russian writer and political activist, known for his significant contributions to socialist literature and his poignant portrayal of the struggles of the working class. Born as Alexei Peshkov, he adopted the pen name Gorky, which means 'bitter' in Russian. His early life was marked by hardship, and these experiences deeply influenced his writing. Gorky became a key figure in the Russian literary scene, using his works to advocate for social change and to highlight the plight of the oppressed. His notable works include 'Mother' and 'The Lower Depths,' which reflect his commitment to the ideals of socialism and his empathy for the marginalized.