Mikhail Gorbachev

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Mikhail Gorbachev was a prominent Soviet politician and the last General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, serving from 1985 until 1991. He is best known for his efforts to reform the Soviet Union through policies known as glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring), which aimed to modernize the economy and increase transparency in government. His leadership played a crucial role in the ending of the Cold War, as he sought to reduce tensions between the East and West and promote a new era of diplomacy.

Gorbachev's tenure was marked by significant political and social changes, but it also faced immense challenges, including economic turmoil and national unrest. Despite his intentions, the reforms led to the eventual dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. After stepping down, he remained an influential figure globally, advocating for peace, environmental issues, and reforms in Russia. Gorbachev's legacy is complex, as he is viewed both as a hero for his role in ending the Cold War and as a controversial figure for the tumultuous changes that followed his reforms.