Cesare Lombroso

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Cesare Lombroso was an Italian criminologist and physician, often regarded as the father of modern criminology. He is best known for his theories on the biological aspects of criminal behavior, proposing that criminality was inherited and that criminals could be identified by physical characteristics. Lombroso's work was groundbreaking, as it shifted the focus of criminal behavior from a purely social perspective to one that included biological and psychological factors. His ideas sparked debate and controversy, influencing both the fields of criminology and psychology significantly.

Lombroso authored several influential books, including "L'uomo delinquente" (The Criminal Man), where he outlined his theories and observations. Despite facing criticism for his deterministic views, his research laid the groundwork for future studies into the relationship between biology and crime. He believed that understanding the biological roots of criminal behavior could lead to better prevention and rehabilitation methods. Lombroso's legacy continues to provoke discussion regarding the nature of crime and the complexities of human behavior.