Norwood Russell Hanson

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Norwood Russell Hanson was an influential American philosopher of science, known for his work on the philosophy of observation and scientific explanation. He argued that observations in science are not merely passive receptions of data but are influenced by theoretical frameworks and prior knowledge. This perspective challenged the traditional view of objectivity in scientific inquiry, suggesting that what scientists see is shaped by their theories and conceptual schemes.

Hanson's notable contributions include his books 'What I Do Not Believe, and Other Essays' and 'Observation and Explanation: A Guide to Philosophy of Science', where he delves into the complexities of scientific practice and the role of human cognition in shaping knowledge. Through his philosophical inquiry, he has influenced a range of disciplines, emphasizing the interplay between theory and observation in the scientific process. His work continues to be relevant, provoking thought and discussion in contemporary philosophy of science.