Platão

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Plato was a pivotal figure in Western philosophy, known for his dialogues that explored a wide range of subjects, including ethics, politics, and metaphysics. A student of Socrates and a teacher of Aristotle, he founded the Academy in Athens, one of the earliest institutions of higher learning in the Western world. His works, such as 'The Republic', delve into the nature of justice and the ideal state, presenting his vision of a society governed by philosopher-kings.

His influence extends beyond philosophy into mathematics, science, and political theory, making him a foundational figure in the development of Western thought. Plato's method of inquiry, known as the Socratic method, encourages rigorous questioning and dialogue, reflecting his belief in the pursuit of truth. His ideas continue to resonate in contemporary discussions on ethics, governance, and the role of the individual within society.