Socrates
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Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy. He is best known for his contributions to ethics and epistemology, and his method of inquiry, known as the Socratic method, laid the groundwork for critical thinking and dialogue in philosophical discussions. Socrates did not leave behind any written works; instead, his ideas and teachings were documented by his students, most notably Plato, who portrayed him as a central character in many of his dialogues.
Socrates' life was marked by his pursuit of knowledge and virtue, often questioning the moral and ethical standards of his time. He believed in the importance of self-examination and famously stated that "the unexamined life is not worth living." His commitment to questioning established norms and seeking truth ultimately led to his trial and execution, as he was accused of corrupting the youth and impiety. Despite his death, Socrates' ideas continued to influence countless philosophers and thinkers throughout history, making him a pivotal figure in the development of Western thought.